• Temporary structures

Temporary structures (Fliegende Bauten)

Proof of stability – Inspection book – Execution permit (Ausführungsgenehmigung) – Consulting – Construction

Fliegende Bauten are structural installations that are suitable and intended to be repeatedly erected and dismantled at different locations.

We are experts in Fliegende Bauten!

Every day we deal with the necessary proofs, the construction, the preparation of drawings or the communication with the authorities to obtain the required permits.

Basically, Fliegende Bauten always require a so-called execution permit (Ausführungsgenehmigung). One could say that this is the equivalent of a building permit. The execution permit is part of an inspection book for a Fliegende Bauten and enables the operator to erect and operate the installation during the validity period of the permit.

Under certain and strict conditions, an execution permit is regularly not required. The delimitation criteria can be found in the building regulations of the respective federal state. We will be happy to advise you in this context.

You will find regularly asked questions on the subject of Fliegende Bauten in the following FAQs.

“Fliegende Bauten” can be, for example:

  • Stages
  • Grandstages
  • Tents
  • Container
  • Scaffolding
  • Fairground rides
  • Cable bridges
  • Advertising structures
  • LED structures
  • PA-Tower
  • Light poles
  • Layher
  • Membrane structures
  • Sales booths
  • Climbing facilities
  • Mobile sports equipment
  • Roofing

Fliegende Bauten – FAQ

Example for a new installation without already existing documents or planning:

  • Initially, a concept of the “Fliegende Bauten” must be available
  • Pre-dimensioning and design of the supporting structure and details
  • Preparation of stability proof (static)
  • Drawing preparation (general arrangement drawing incl. structure variants, load plan, sub-pall arrangement plan, assembly drawings, individual part drawings)
  • Compilation of the material certificates of the used construction parts and the manufacturer qualification according to EN 1090 (min. EXC 2)
  • Inspection of the documents by an inspection body for Fliegende Bauten
  • Trial erection of the structure and acceptance by the inspection body for Fliegende Bauten (” initial approval “)
  • Issuance of the permit and preparation of the inspection book by the approval body for Fliegende Bauten.

The installation of the system must be reported in good time to the building inspectorate responsible at the installation site. As a rule, an acceptance for use is carried out by the responsible authority. ” In good time” is defined in practice as more than two weeks in advance.

A required period of time for the above steps cannot be defined. Due to the necessary preliminary work, the inspection and the administrative act, the process can regularly take up to 3 months. Depending on the workload, approvals have also been completed in just a few weeks.

Tip: Start four months before the first installation with the approval process.

No, execution permits (Ausführungsgenehmigungen) can only be issued by a German approval authority. Construction documents of a foreign approval, which are written in German language, can be considered if necessary.

The material requirements of the building code (stability, fire protection, etc.) apply in the same way to all Fliegende Bauten (see state building code “stability”). The operator must ensure compliance with all requirements on his own responsibility, since particularly the inspections and acceptance of use associated with the execution permit (Ausführungsgenehmigung) are not required.

The operation of a construction without an inspection book with a valid execution permit (Ausführungsgenehmigung) is not permitted. The loss of the inspection book must be reported immediately to the responsible approval authority. Upon request, the approval authority will issue a replacement copy, which is subject to a fee. This will be based on the authority’s original sample.

Valid type test certificates can be submitted as construction documents in the approval procedure for Fliegende Bauten.

The ballast, bracing and their attachments shall be shown in detail in drawings in the inspected technical documents.

Manufacturers of structures, load-bearing structures and components with predominantly static stresses made of steel and aluminum must be certified for execution class EXC 2.

Only the commissioning of Fliegenden Bauten, that require an execution permit (Ausführungsgenehmigung) in accordance with § 76 § 2 Sentence 1 MBO, must be reported to the locally responsible building supervisory authority in good time and the inspection book must be submitted. The building supervisory authority can make the commissioning dependent on an acceptance of usage.

In the context of an acceptance of usage, it makes sense to take into account only those site-specific factors that are of importance for the erection of the specific Fliegenden Bau, e.g. the observance of a distance specified in the execution permits (Ausführungsgenehmigung) or a technical building regulation or the compensation of terrain unevenness by underpinning.

Inflatable tents are structural installations within the meaning of § 2 Abs.1 MBO. From a floor area of 75 m² (in Hessen from 100 m²), an execution permit (Ausführungsgenehmigung) and an inspection book with the usual construction documents are also required for inflatable tent constructions that are Fliegende Bauten (§ 76 Abs. 2 Satz 2 Nr. 4 MBO).

Provided that they meet the definition of § 76 Abs. 1 MBO, in particular that they are suitable and intended to be repeatedly erected and dismantled at different locations, an execution permit (Ausführungsgenehmigung) is required for such walls from a height of more than 5.0 m (§ 76 Abs. 2 Satz 2 Nr. 1 MBO).

If a grandstand or stage is temporarily erected in a building, it is not considered a building structure and is therefore not a Fliegender Bau. A usage acceptance is therefore not possible. However, the installation in a building can change the approved escape and rescue route situation in the building, which may require separate consideration by the responsible building supervisory authority. If an inspection book is available, it can be used to assess the stability and structural strength.

Resolution of the Arbeitskreis Fliegende Bauten (AKFlB) of the Technical Commission for Building Inspection at its 73rd meeting in November 2010:

For a stage or a ground-supported truss construction in an event/exhibition hall (structural facility/building), no “construction book” (inspection book/execution permit) is required. The same also applies if this construction is a Fliegender Bauten requiring an execution permit (Ausführungsgenehmigung) when erected outdoors. However, proof of stability and load-bearing capacity in accordance with BGV C1 / DGUV V17 is still required.

“The working group states that mobile event technology equipment such as stage and truss constructions are not Fliegende Bauten when erected inside buildings and therefore do not require an execution permit (Ausführungsgenehmigung).”

Vehicles or wagons that are substantially altered in form by additions and extensions and are used stationary for operational purposes may meet the criteria for Fliegende Bauten. The distinction must always be made on a case-by-case basis. The approval requirement then results from § 76 MBO.

Tent halls must always be erected in their full length for the extension permit in accordance with the execution permit (Ausführungsgenehmigung). If this is not possible, partial erection is permissible provided that the remaining parts can be tested in an unassembled state. This procedure must be documented in the test report.

If smaller tents are connected or attached to each other to form a tent unit with a floor area exceeding 75 m², such a “tent city” triggers the permit requirement for the entire facility.

Tents are regularly used as a place of refuge when a bad weather front moves in. The stability must therefore also be ensured for such cases. It is therefore not possible to take reduced wind pressure into account.

The number of anchors resulting from the structural calculation must always be used. The technical regulations DIN 4112 / DIN EN 13782 do not permit the gradual anchoring of tents depending on the wind conditions.

Lashing straps may only be used for structural components where the failure of one strap does not endanger the stability of the structural system. Diagonal bracing may not be made from lashing belts. In the case of circus tents, lashing belts may only be used to brace roundel poles.

Hoists are not construction products according to § 2 Abs. 9 MBO, as they are not intended to remain permanently in structural installations. These are assembly aids which are to be relieved of load after completion of assembly or additionally secured in such a way (e.g. by chains, wire ropes) that, in the event of slippage or failure of the power transmission in the hoist, a force-locking and form-fitting load-bearing effect is achieved by the additional securing.

No, confirmation of receipt of an application for an extension of the execution permit (Ausführungsgenehmigung) or a certificate of operation is not a substitute for a valid execution permit (Ausführungsgenehmigung).

Note: Some of the questions and answers are taken from the interpretation questions to the Conference of Construction Ministers (www.is-argebau.de) and have been taken over partly verbatim and partly in spirit. All answers are informative and without guarantee.